Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong disorder that prevents the body from using the blood sugar as it normally does. Our body needs sugar to perform various functions of the body and these sugars get into cells with the help of a hormone known as insulin which is produced by the pancreas, and when there is not enough insulin production in the body to utilise sugars then there is a buildup of sugars in the blood leading to diabetes.

Causes

In type 2 diabetes, the body stops responding to insulin and there is a buildup of sugar in the body or the body does not make enough insulin or sometimes both; the body does not make enough insulin, also the body stops responding to insulin.

Symptoms

  • Frequent urination
  • Frequent thirst.
  • Blurry vision.

In later stages, it can cause severe disorders such as:

  • Heart diseases.
  • Stroke.
  • Kidney disease.
  • Vision problem.
  • Loss of sensation to touch and pain.
  • Amputation.

Diagnostic Tests

After learning about the symptoms, the doctor will advise for certain tests such as blood tests to check for blood sugar levels.

Treatment

Includes:

  • Oral hypoglycemic medications: The drug of choice is metformin which may differ from patient to patient. This drug is used to keep blood sugar levels to normal.
  • Insulin.
  • Medications for high blood pressure and cholesterol.

Prevention

  • Weight loss.
  • Healthy diet.
  • Take medications as prescribed.
  • Stay active and get physical therapy.